Among the principal chemokines involved in hepatic immune cell migration, CXCL9 and CXCL10 are both increased in serum of patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) compared with normal individuals and are preferentially expressed in the portal areas, corresponding to CD56lowCD16+ NK cell liver infiltration increased numbers of CD56+ cells located around the destroyed small bile ducts (84, 85). This evidence concerns the gene CXCL9 and primary biliary cholangitis.