CD4 and neoplasm: Similarly, in a murine model of melanoma, T-cell cytokines IFN-γ and TNF-α synergized with vemurafenib, a BRAF oncogene inhibitor, to induce cell-cycle arrest of tumor cells in vitro (Acquavella et al., 2015), underscoring the importance of CD4+ T cell mediated immunity against cancer cells.