IL-1B exerts its activity by binding to the type 1 receptor (IL-1R1) and clinical data from patients with prostate cancer show an association between high levels of IL-1R1 in the primary tumour with poor prognosis, while low levels of IL-1B in the primary tumour and associated stroma predict a good prognosis [12]. The gene discussed is IL1R1; the disease is prostate carcinoma.