Alterations in tumor stroma are generally considered to be the result of paracrine and endocrine signalling from tumor epithelial cells to adjacent and more remote tissues [37, 38] suggesting that the decrease in Cav-1 could be a response to signals from the tumor epithelium specific for smooth muscle cells as endothelial Cav-1 appeared unaffected. The gene discussed is CAV1; the disease is neoplasm.