In the present study, two different types of vegan protein-based diets—soy diet and gluten-soy mixture diet—were employed in Wistar rats against the control diet (casein diet) to investigate the changes in metabolic parameters and expressions of adiponectin and its receptors in tissues, in an effort to identify a better protein-based diet to prevent MetS and its related chronic diseases. The gene discussed is ADIPOQ; the disease is metabolic syndrome.