In other American andEuropean countries, anti-HEV IgM rates ranged from 1.1-4.8% (Haagsman et al. 2007, Munné et al.2011) except in groups with specific characteristics such as patients fromoutbreaks of acute viral hepatitis in Cuba (Lay et al.2008) or hospitalised patients in Chile (Hurtado et al. 2005) and Italy (Romanò et al.2011, Candido et al. 2012), where thoserates were substantially higher (ranging from 20.6-40.3%). This evidence concerns the gene CD40LG and viral hepatitis.