Conversely, a pilot study by De Loor et al. demonstrated that the urinary concentrations of YKL-40 and NGAL in ICU patients with AKI stage ≥ 2 measured within 12 h or 24 h exhibited higher convergent diagnostic performance than did serum YKL-40, which did not show any predictive power against AKI.37 This evidence concerns the gene CHI3L1 and acute kidney injury.