Immunological networks such as cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction, chemokine signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, Rheumatoid arthritis pathway, NF-kappa B singling pathway, and leukocyte transendothelial migration pathway were found among most enriched network in active infection corresponding to upregulated genes (Fig. 3A). Here, TNF is linked to infection.