Using a multivariate Cox model, the mortality rate among patients in the MPD group remained significantly lower than the rate among patients in the NPD group (HR, 0.42; range, 0.2–0.87; p = 0.01) or the SPD group (HR, 0.36; range, 0.18–0.73; p = 0.004), after adjustment for age, dialysis vintage, peripheral vascular disease, stroke, diabetes, cardiac disease, serum albumin, central venous catheter and warfarin use. This evidence concerns the gene ALB and peripheral vascular disease.