AR and prostate intraepithelial neoplasia: It was found that SENP1 was overexpressed in precancerous prostate intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) and prostate cancer, and was positively correlated with the expression level of androgen receptor Overexpression of SENP1 in prostate cancer cell lines promotes cancer progression and metastasis [16–18], indicating SENP1 functions as an oncogene.