From these top five pathways, 17 SNPs from CCNE1, RAPGEF1, SKP1, HERPUD1, CACNB2, CACNA1C, CACNA1S, COL4A2, SRC, CACNA1C, appear to be associated with bladder cancer risk and were subsequently observed in the NCI bladder cancer GWAS. This evidence concerns the gene RAPGEF1 and urinary bladder cancer.