Recently, a new stress-induced intra-neuronal inflammasome activation pathway (NLRP1/Casp1/Casp6) was reported in AD patients, in which NLRP1 activation triggers Casp1 activation to induce IL-1β maturation, while Casp1 activation also induces Casp6 activation to mediate axonal degeneration. The gene discussed is NLRP1; the disease is Alzheimer disease.