The majority of the biological pathways deregulated in ER-HNSCC cells pertained to immune response pathways such as 'Alternative complement pathway', 'HSP60 and HSP70/TLR signaling pathway', 'IL-17 signaling pathway', ‘C3a signaling’, HMGB1/RAGE signaling pathway' and ‘IL-1 signaling pathway’(Figure 2) all of which are involved in pro-inflammatory signaling. This evidence concerns the gene IL1A and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.