Recently, we demonstrated that in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) and barley (Hordeum vulgare), transgenic expression of CYP3-dsRNA, a 791 nt long dsRNA targeting the three fungal CYP51 genes involved in ergosterol biosynthesis, confers resistance to infection with Fusarium graminearum [19]. The gene discussed is PPIF; the disease is infection.