In this study we will examine the level of glycemia (HbA1c, fructosamine), oxidative stress (lipid peroxidation by thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARs)) and the levels of antioxidant enzymes (Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Selenium dependent glutathione peroxidase (Se-GPx)) and correlate these findings with telomere length in peripheral blood leukocytes in maternal and foetal (cord) blood in groups of pregnant women with pre-gestational diabetes (n = 14, Type 1 n = 7, type 2 n = 7), gestational diabetes (n = 20) and a euglycaemic control group (n = 18). Here, SOD1 is linked to gestational diabetes.