Angiogenesis plays a central role in the development, growth, and metastatic progression of RCC via VHL, HIF 1α, VEGF, PDGF, mTOR (PI3K/AKT signaling; Nicol et al., 1997; Dorević et al., 2009; Kornakiewicz et al., 2013; Dimova et al., 2014). Here, VHL is linked to renal cell carcinoma.