Clinical data and in vivo models of FLD (NASH, NAFLD, AFLD) showed that elevated LCN2 levels are suitable to mirror hepatic lipid abnormalities, inflammatory response, mitochondrial malfunction, progress of FLD, and HCC (Guo et al., 2010; Zhang et al., 2012; El Moety et al., 2013; Semba et al., 2013; Asimakopoulou et al., 2014; Wieser et al., 2016). Here, LCN2 is linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.