LCN2 and breast cancer: There are several other biomolecules and pathways known to contribute to the expression of LCN2 in inflammatory cells, macrophage cell lines, epithelial cells, breast cancer cell lines, and hepatocytes (Meheus et al., 1993; Seth et al., 2002; Bu et al., 2006; Borkham-Kamphorst et al., 2011; Kienzl-Wagner et al., 2015; Xu et al., 2015).