TNF and atopic asthma: In that report, PBMCs of atopic asthma patients carrying −2192C showed increased expression of TLR1 mRNA and protein, increased production of proinflammatory cytokine TNF-α and TH1 cytokines IL-12 and IFN-γ, and decreased production of TH2 cytokine IL-4 after stimulation with TLR1/2 ligand Pam3CSK4 [62].