In addition, calcilytics have been proposed as a treatment strategy for idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH), where CaSR expression is proposed to up-regulated and involved in proliferation of VSMCs and increased arterial tone (Li et al., 2011, Yamamura et al., 2016, Yamamura et al., 2015, Yamamura et al., 2013, Yamamura et al., 2012). The gene discussed is CASR; the disease is idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension.