MEF2C and cardiac hypertrophy: NCX1 inhibition reduced Ca2+ influx and decreased activation of CaMKII accompanied by significantly reduced expression of Mef2c and Myh7 relative to DMSO control (mean ± SEM: Mef2c, 0.71 ± 0.13; Myh7, 0.55 ± 0.18; p-value<0.05; n = 6) which, whilst previously associated with pathological cardiac hypertrophy, contribute here towards (physiological) cardiomyocyte differentiation (Figure 5B).