TNF and Cognitive impairment: To investigate whether the formation of Aβ aggregates and the increase in TNF-alpha were accompanied by the occurrence of cognitive defects [34–36], mice were analysed using 3 different behavioral tests: the open field, a recognized paradigm for assessing motor activity and anxiety-like behaviors in response to a novel environment [37–39]; the sociality task, which also unveils anxious and aggressive behaviors; and the novel object recognition (NOR), that, monitoring the time spent by mice to explore a novel object, enables the assessment of possible declines in learning and memory.