NPPB and pulmonary arterial hypertension: We provided evidence: a) that PADN attenuated the PAH induced by DHMCT treatment in the beagles, as evidenced by the absence of a significant increase in mPAP and pulmonary vascular wall thickness, b) that PADN treatment improved RV function marked by reduction of the ANP, BNP and RV/(LV + S) elevation caused by DHMCT injection, and c) the local RAAS activity both in lung and right heart was activated in the pathogenesis of PAH, while it was inactivated after PADN operation.