A sensitization linked to HMGA1 expression cells was evidenced in mouse ES (HMGA1 KO vs. HMGA1 WT) and in MCF7 (HMGA1b forced overexpression) cells following cisplatin or bleomycin treatments [20, 23] while a HMGA1 protective role with respect to ionizing radiation (IR) was later shown on mouse ES (HMGA1/2 KO vs. HMGA1/2 WT) and on cancer thyroid cells (FRO and FRO silenced for HMGA1) [44]. This evidence concerns the gene HMGA1 and cancer.