TNF and rheumatoid arthritis: Rathi et al. [189] observed a significantly (p < 0.001) higher level of anti-inflammatory activities [inhibition of cytokines (IL-2, IL-4, and IFN-γ) and reduction of TNF-α concentration] upon the treatment of RA animal models (male Wistar rat and Swiss albino mice) with the polyphenolic fractions of cinnamon bark.