In the present study, we detect PD-1 and PD-L1, as well as related cytokines in cervical lesion development process, and analyze the relevance between changes in PD-1/PD-L1 and CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and Treg cells to evaluate whether PD-1/PD-L1 can be used as an early clinical warning indicator of cervical cancer. This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and cervical carcinoma.