Treatment with sorafenib plus MHCC-97H- or MHCC-97 L-derived exosomes significantly reduced the levels of cleaved caspase-9, caspase-3, and PARP compared with that in the sorafenib alone group or sorafenib plus LO2-exosome group (Fig. 7), indicating that HCC cell-derived exosomes can partially reverse sorafenib-induced apoptosis. This evidence concerns the gene CASP9 and hepatocellular carcinoma.