In addition, global immunoreactivity for α-actin+smooth muscle was significantly correlated with IL-17E (Fig. 8c, r = 0.301, p = 0.001), while the numbers of CD31+ blood vessels significantly correlated with IL-17 F in bladder cancer tissues (Fig. 8d, r = 0.301, p = 0.013). This evidence concerns the gene PECAM1 and urinary bladder cancer.