Of note, JAK/STAT pathway activation can also result in the activation of the SAP/MAPK pathway which is, in part, responsible for MMP gene up-regulation and also in the activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTor pathway which appears to be the critical driver of anti-apoptosis responses in RA inflamed synovial tissue [56]. The gene discussed is MTOR; the disease is rheumatoid arthritis.