While there remains uncertainty about the relevance of the expression profiles observed for the TLR genes, the association of the SNP in TLR3 with ABPA supports a role for this receptor in recognition of A. fumigatus and in response to this and TLR3 may affect susceptibility to ABPA, with SNPs that reduce the fungal recognition leaving people more susceptible to this disease. Here, TLR3 is linked to allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis.