In particular, administration of 5A and D-4F apoA-I mimetic peptides has protective effects in animal models of ALI, asthma, pulmonary hypertension, and influenza pneumonia (Yao et al., 2011; Van Lenten et al., 2002; Dai et al., 2012; Kwon et al., 2012; Madenspacher et al., 2012; Sharifov et al., 2013; Sharma et al., 2014). The gene discussed is APOA1; the disease is pulmonary arterial hypertension.