GDF15 and ovarian cancer: Moreover, ovarian cancer chemokines such as IL-8 and CXCL-1 and stemness marker OCT4 were suppressed by NAG-1 in SKOV3 cells (Figure 6B and 6C), indicating that NAG-1 expression positively regulates not only pro-inflammatory signals but also cancer stemness biomarkers in MyD88-positive type I EOC cells.