HSPA8 and infection: As infection progressed the increasing presence of polyubiquitinated species with NPD domains could be observed, either as more obviously co-joining foci (Fig 12, 6 hr, a) or with more complete co-localisation with FK2 localising in a rim like pattern around the outside of the later NPDs (Fig 12, 6 hr, b), a pattern very similar to that seen for Hsc70.