INS and metabolic syndrome: When 100 g/day of fresh bilberries were given to 80 overweight or obese women with or without Metabolic Syndrome for 5 weeks, body weight, waist circumference and concentrations of VCAM-1 and TNF-α, but also adiponectin, significantly decreased, insulin and glycated hemoglobin concentrations increased, while fat percent, blood pressure, blood lipids, and IL-6 levels were not affected [27].