TCMs effectively ameliorate cerebral I/R injury by downregulating TLR4, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, iNOS, COX-2, and 5-LO expression and upregulating IL-10 expression in the ischemic area during the acute and subacute phases of cerebral ischemia (Figure 1 and Table 4). Here, PTGS2 is linked to brain ischemia.