These results indicate that TCMs provide beneficial effects against leukocyte infiltration mainly by downregulating ICAM-1 expression and activated leukocyte-induced cytokines, such as IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-8, in the ischemic lesion in the acute phase of cerebral ischemia (Figure 1 and Table 2). Here, CXCL8 is linked to Cerebral ischemia.