CCL2 and cancer: Adiposity has also been reported to associate with cancer-causing phenotypes including secretion of immune cell-attracting molecules (e.g., monocyte chemoattractant protein 1, MCP-1), angiogenesis, cellular senescence through microbial metabolites (e.g., deoxycholic acid, DCA), lipolysis and decreased production of adiponecitin (Yu et al., 2006; Bruemmer, 2012; Duan et al., 2013; Ferrente, 2013; Yoshimoto et al., 2013) (Figure 2).