Here, we report a novel population of small putative cancer stem cells from borderline ovarian cancer, which, opposite to such cells in “healthy” ovaries, spontaneously form tumour-like structures in vitro, express several genes related to pluripotency and germinal lineage, and significantly differ from a similar population of small stem cells from “healthy” ovaries in terms of their gene expression profile, including forkhead box and homeobox genes, which are related to transcription regulation, developmental processes, embryogenesis, and cancer. Here, LBX1 is linked to neoplasm.