PXN and urinary bladder carcinoma: Notably, siRNA-based AKR1C1 depletion remarkably diminished the expression of Rac1 and phosphorylation levels of Akt (S473), Src (Y416), and FAK (Y397) in the metastatic UM-UC-3-liver cells (Fig. 4g) in addition to numbers of focal adhesion like paxillin (Fig. 4h, Supplementary Fig. 4d), which might indicate a possible role for AKR1C1 in regulating actin cytoskeleton and forming focal adhesion contacts in bladder cancer via Src/FAK/Rac1 complexes.