FZD6 also promotes tumorigenicity of PN GBM in vivo and induces a MES-like phenotype, while decreasing PN markers, OLIG2 and SOX2. Concomitantly, high levels of FZD6 in glioma spheres promote the MES phenotype of GBM by stimulating MES-associated STAT3 and NF-κB pathways29. This evidence concerns the gene NFKB1 and central nervous system cancer.