TGFB1 and Duchenne muscular dystrophy: In the recessive X-linked form of muscular dystrophy, Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD), it was recently found that the gene encoding the Latent Transforming Growth Factor-β Binding Protein 4 (LTBP4) whose function is to bind Transforming Growth Factor Beta (TGFβ), was indeed a modifier in DMD.54