In the dry eye group, there was a statistically significant decrease in the concentration of IL-1β (52.49 ± 6.17, and 11.82 ± 5.64, respectively), IL-6 (159.13 ± 19.04, and 22.16 ± 5.91, respectively), IL-8 (394.16 ± 30.81, and 80.62 ± 7.53, respectively),), MCP-1 (815.26 ± 65.49, and 47.15 ± 5.61, respectively), TNF-α (118.17 ± 11.52, and 26.48 ± 3.68, respectively), and IFN-γ (56.12 ± 5.94, and 9.64 ± 1.80, respectively) in tears at 1 and 2 months following cataract surgery compared to the value of 1 day postoperatively (P <0.05, respectively) (Fig 3). Here, TNF is linked to dry eye syndrome.