The dual mechanisms we reported here are in consistent with the recent findings on breast cancer, where KDM3A induced pro-invasive genes and repressed pro-apoptotic genes by demethylating histone (H3K9me2) and non-histone protein p53, respectively.23 Even though KDM3A is mechanistically engaged in similar pathways, the target genes and cellular functions controlled by KDM3A vary between breast and ovarian cancer. The gene discussed is KDM3A; the disease is breast cancer.