CD163 and myeloid sarcoma: 2009). Macrophages (MΦ) are abundantly present in the active and chronic lesions (plaques) of MS (Lucchinetti et al. 2000) and we have previously investigated the levels of the monocyte/MΦ‐specific protein, soluble CD163 (sCD163) at the time of diagnosis of MS (Stilund et al. 2014). Recently, we published an analysis of the diagnostic properties of sCD163 in relation to other biomarkers of inflammation and neurodegeneration in MS (Stilund et al. 2015).