Fourteen loci were significant from both approaches; nine of which were novel: CALML4, CCND1, FOXK2, LINC01019, NKX2-3, NT5C1A, PRDM8, SPAG17, and SYNGR1. It has been reported that genetic variants in CCND1 and smoking exposure are associated with gastric carcinogenesis [53], nasopharyngeal carcinoma [54], and lung cancer [55] and useful for lung cancer prediction [56]. Here, PRDM8 is linked to lung cancer.