Statistical analysis of the optical density (OD) values supported a significant difference between PFN1 expression levels in normal (adjacent) and cancer urothelial cells regardless of the tumor stage (p<0.0001) [Figure 1C and 1D (i)], as well as between the non-invasive pTa, pT1 and the invasive pT2+ stages (p=0.007). The gene discussed is PFN1; the disease is cancer.