Specifically, the chemokine‐related genes, CXCL1, CXCL2, CXCL3, and IL‐1β, were up‐regulated, while CXCR1 was down‐regulated in tumor tissue during the progression of HCC (Tables 1, 2, 3). This evidence concerns the gene CXCL3 and hepatocellular carcinoma.