Other cyto-/chemokines to identify pathogenic immunity to M. leprae (e.g. MCP-1 and IL-1β16), leprosy classification (e.g. CCL17 and CCL1841) or general mycobacterial infection (EN-RAGE42, 43) could therefore be included to achieve more optimal diagnostic accuracy44 as distinct phase-specific profiles. Here, CCL2 is linked to leprosy.