MDM were treated with increasing concentrations of p38 inhibitors SCIO469 and VX745 (Fig 6C and 6D) the PI3K inhibitors NVS-PI3-2, NVS-PI3-3 or NVS-PI3-5 (Fig 6E–6G) and the ROCK inhibitor PF4950834 (Fig 6H), none of which significantly affected phagocytosis of S. pneumoniae. When phagocytosis of non-typeable H. influenzae was examined we also confirmed reduced phagocytosis in COPD MDM but failed to detect any reduction in phagocytosis in any group at any concentration with each of the kinase inhibitors (Fig 7). The gene discussed is MAPK14; the disease is chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.