To determine whether that type of expression pattern correlates with ventricular contractile dysfunction in patients, we compared ANGPTL2 concentration in the Cs and Ao of 58 patients with non-secondary and non-familial dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and observed significantly elevated (>35% increase) ANGPTL2 production in heart tissues of 23 (Supplementary Table 1). This evidence concerns the gene ANGPTL2 and familial dilated cardiomyopathy.