NLRC4 and infection: Infection with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) triggers the formation of a complex inflammasome that can include NLRC4, NLR family PYRIN domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3), ASC, caspase-1 and caspase-8 (refs 5, 17, 18, 19).