Besides FGFR amplification, recent studies have identified FGFR gene fusion products such as FGFR3-TACC3 as an additional oncogenic mechanism and a putative target for tyrosine kinase inhibitors in a variety of tumors e.g. adeno- and squamous cell carcinoma of the lung, glioblastoma multiforme and bladder cancer [10, 18, 19]. The gene discussed is FGFR3; the disease is squamous cell lung carcinoma.